Intel® Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O (VT-d)
Intel® Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O (VT-d) continues from the existing support for IA-32 (VT-x) and Itanium® processor (VT-i) virtualization adding new support for I/O-device virtualization. Intel VT-d can help end users improve security and reliability of the systems and also improve performance of I/O devices in virtualized environments.
Intel® Virtualization Technology (VT-x)
Intel® Virtualization Technology (VT-x) allows one hardware platform to function as multiple “virtual” platforms. It offers improved manageability by limiting downtime and maintaining productivity by isolating computing activities into separate partitions.
Intel® 64
Intel® 64 architecture delivers 64-bit computing on server, workstation, desktop and mobile platforms when combined with supporting software.¹ Intel 64 architecture improves performance by allowing systems to address more than 4 GB of both virtual and physical memory.
Intel® Clear Video HD Technology
Intel® Clear Video HD Technology, like its predecessor, Intel® Clear Video Technology, is a suite of image decode and processing technologies built into the integrated processor graphics that improve video playback, delivering cleaner, sharper images, more natural, accurate, and vivid colors, and a clear and stable video picture. Intel® Clear Video HD Technology adds video quality enhancements for richer color and more realistic skin tones.
Cache
CPU Cache is an area of fast memory located on the processor. Intel® Smart Cache refers to the architecture that allows all cores to dynamically share access to the last level cache.
Intel® AES New Instructions
Intel® AES New Instructions (Intel® AES-NI) are a set of instructions that enable fast and secure data encryption and decryption. AES-NI are valuable for a wide range of cryptographic applications, for example: applications that perform bulk encryption/decryption, authentication, random number generation, and authenticated encryption.
Idle States
Idle States (C-states) are used to save power when the processor is idle. C0 is the operational state, meaning that the CPU is doing useful work. C1 is the first idle state, C2 the second, and so on, where more power saving actions are taken for numerically higher C-states.
Intel® Turbo Boost Technology
Intel® Turbo Boost Technology dynamically increases the processor's frequency as needed by taking advantage of thermal and power headroom to give you a burst of speed when you need it, and increased energy efficiency when you don’t.
Max Turbo Frequency
Max Turbo Frequency is the maximum single-core frequency at which the processor is capable of operating using Intel® Turbo Boost Technology and, if present, Intel® Turbo Boost Max Technology 3.0 and Intel® Thermal Velocity Boost. Frequency is typically measured in gigahertz (GHz), or billion cycles per second.
Execute Disable Bit
Execute Disable Bit is a hardware-based security feature that can reduce exposure to viruses and malicious-code attacks and prevent harmful software from executing and propagating on the server or network.
Intel® Hyper-Threading Technology
Intel® Hyper-Threading Technology (Intel® HT Technology) delivers two processing threads per physical core. Highly threaded applications can get more work done in parallel, completing tasks sooner.
Instruction Set
An instruction set refers to the basic set of commands and instructions that a microprocessor understands and can carry out. The value shown represents which IntelΓÇÖs instruction set this processor is compatible with.
Intel® Quick Sync Video
Intel® Quick Sync Video delivers fast conversion of video for portable media players, online sharing, and video editing and authoring.
Intel® VT-x with Extended Page Tables (EPT)
Intel® VT-x with Extended Page Tables (EPT), also known as Second Level Address Translation (SLAT), provides acceleration for memory intensive virtualized applications. Extended Page Tables in Intel® Virtualization Technology platforms reduces the memory and power overhead costs and increases battery life through hardware optimization of page table management.
Intel® Optane™ Memory Supported
Intel® Optane™ memory is a revolutionary new class of non-volatile memory that sits in between system memory and storage to accelerate system performance and responsiveness. When combined with the Intel® Rapid Storage Technology Driver, it seamlessly manages multiple tiers of storage while presenting one virtual drive to the OS, ensuring that data frequently used resides on the fastest tier of storage. Intel® Optane™ memory requires specific hardware and software configuration.
Enhanced Intel SpeedStep® Technology
Enhanced Intel SpeedStep® Technology is an advanced means of enabling high performance while meeting the power-conservation needs of mobile systems. Conventional Intel SpeedStep® Technology switches both voltage and frequency in tandem between high and low levels in response to processor load. Enhanced Intel SpeedStep® Technology builds upon that architecture using design strategies such as Separation between Voltage and Frequency Changes, and Clock Partitioning and Recovery.
Secure Key
Intel® Secure Key consists of a digital random number generator that creates truly random numbers to strengthen encryption algorithms.
Intel® Speed Shift Technology
Intel® Speed Shift Technology uses hardware-controlled P-states to deliver dramatically quicker responsiveness with single-threaded, transient (short duration) workloads, such as web browsing, by allowing the processor to more quickly select its best operating frequency and voltage for optimal performance and power efficiency.
Intel® Deep Learning Boost (Intel® DL Boost)
A new set of embedded processor technologies designed to accelerate AI deep learning use cases. It extends Intel AVX-512 with a new Vector Neural Network Instruction (VNNI) that significantly increases deep learning inference performance over previous generations.
Instruction Set Extensions
Instruction Set Extensions are additional instructions which can increase performance when the same operations are performed on multiple data objects. These can include SSE (Streaming SIMD Extensions) and AVX (Advanced Vector Extensions).
Intel® Turbo Boost Max Technology 3.0
Intel® Turbo Boost Max Technology 3.0 identifies the best performing core(s) on a processor and provides increased performance on those cores through increasing frequency as needed by taking advantage of power and thermal headroom.
Thermal Monitoring Technologies
Thermal Monitoring Technologies protect the processor package and the system from thermal failure through several thermal management features. An on-die Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS) detects the core's temperature, and the thermal management features reduce package power consumption and thereby temperature when required in order to remain within normal operating limits.
Intel® Volume Management Device (VMD)
Intel® Volume Management Device (VMD) provides a common, robust method of hot plug and LED management for NVMe-based solid state drives.
Intel® Gaussian & Neural Accelerator
Intel® Gaussian & Neural Accelerator (GNA) is an ultra-low power accelerator block designed to run audio and speed-centric AI workloads. Intel® GNA is designed to run audio based neural networks at ultra-low power, while simultaneously relieving the CPU of this workload.
Mode-based Execute Control (MBE)
Mode-based Execute Control can more reliably verify and enforce the integrity of kernel level code.
Intel® Boot Guard
Intel® Device Protection Technology with Boot Guard helps protect the system’s pre-OS environment from viruses and malicious software attacks.
Intel® Control-Flow Enforcement Technology
CET - Intel Control-flow Enforcement Technology (CET) helps protect against the misuse of legitimate code snippets through return-oriented programming (ROP) control-flow hijacking attacks.
| Processor |
| Processor model |
i5-12600K |
| Processor socket |
LGA 1700 |
| Processor family |
Intel® Core™ i5 |
| Box |
Y |
| Processor cores |
10 |
| Processor threads |
16 |
| Processor operating modes |
64-bit |
| Processor boost frequency |
4.9 GHz |
| Component for |
PC |
| Bus type |
DMI4 |
| Processor codename |
Alder Lake |
| Processor cache type |
Smart Cache |
| Memory bandwidth supported by processor (max) |
76.8 GB/s |
| Processor cache |
20 MB |
| Processor manufacturer |
Intel |
| Efficient cores |
4 |
| Performance cores |
6 |
| Maximum number of DMI lanes |
8 |
| Processor base power |
125 W |
| Maximum turbo power |
150 W |
| Performance-core boost frequency |
4.9 GHz |
| Performance-core base frequency |
3.7 GHz |
| Efficient-core boost frequency |
3.6 GHz |
| Efficient-core base frequency |
2.8 GHz |
| Processor generation |
12th gen Intel® Core™ i5 |
| Operational conditions |
| Tjunction |
100 ┬░C |
| Weight & dimensions |
| Processor package size |
45 x 37.5 mm |
| Memory |
| Maximum internal memory supported by processor |
128 GB |
| Memory types supported by processor |
DDR4-SDRAM, DDR5-SDRAM |
| Memory channels |
Dual-channel |
| ECC |
Y |
| Memory bandwidth (max) |
76.8 GB/s |
| Graphics |
| On-board graphics card |
Y |
| On-board graphics card model |
Intel UHD Graphics 770 |
| On-board graphics card base frequency |
300 MHz |
| On-board graphics card dynamic frequency (max) |
1450 MHz |
| On-board graphics card outputs supported |
HDMI 2.1, DisplayPort 1.4a, Embedded DisplayPort (eDP) 1.4b |
| On-board graphics card maximum resolution (DisplayPort) |
7680 x 4320 pixels |
| Number of execution units |
32 |
| On-board graphics card ID |
0x4680 |
| On-board graphics card maximum resolution (eDP - Integrated Flat Panel) |
5120 x 3200 pixels |
| On-board graphics card refresh rate at maximum resolution (DisplayPort) |
60 Hz |
| On-board graphics card refresh rate at maximum resolution (eDP - Integrated Flat Panel) |
120 Hz |
| On-board graphics card refresh rate at maximum resolution (HDMI) |
60 Hz |
| Number of displays supported (on-board graphics) |
4 |
| On-board graphics card maximum resolution (HDMI) |
4096 x 2160 pixels |
| On-board graphics card DirectX version |
12.0 |
| On-board graphics card OpenGL version |
4.5 |
| Discrete graphics card |
N |
| Discrete graphics card model |
Not available |
| Other features |
| Maximum internal memory |
128 GB |
| Graphics output |
eDP 1.4b, DP 1.4a, HDMI 2.1 |
| Processor special features |
| Intel® Hyper Threading Technology (Intel® HT Technology) |
Y |
| Intel® Turbo Boost Technology |
2.0 |
| Intel® Quick Sync Video Technology |
Y |
| Intel® Clear Video HD Technology (Intel® CVT HD) |
Y |
| Intel® AES New Instructions (Intel® AES-NI) |
Y |
| Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology |
Y |
| Intel Trusted Execution Technology |
Y |
| Intel VT-x with Extended Page Tables (EPT) |
Y |
| Intel® Secure Key |
Y |
| Intel® Active Management Technology (Intel® AMT) |
Y |
| Intel Stable Image Platform Program (SIPP) |
Y |
| Intel® OS Guard |
Y |
| Intel 64 |
Y |
| Intel Virtualization Technology (VT-x) |
Y |
| Intel Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O (VT-d) |
Y |
| Intel Turbo Boost Max Technology 3.0 |
N |
| Intel® Speed Shift Technology |
Y |
| Intel® Optane™ Memory Ready |
Y |
| Intel® Boot Guard |
Y |
| Intel® Deep Learning Boost (Intel® DL Boost) |
Y |
| Intel® Volume Management Device (VMD) |
Y |
| Mode-based Execute Control (MBE) |
Y |
| Intel® vPro™ Platform Eligibility |
Y |
| Intel® Control-flow Enforcement Technology (CET) |
Y |
| Intel® Total Memory Encryption |
Y |
| Intel® Thread Director |
Y |
| Intel vPro® Enterprise Platform Eligibility |
Y |
| Intel® Threat Detection Technology (TDT) |
Y |
| Intel® Hardware Shield Eligibility |
Y |
| Intel® Total Memory Encryption - Multi Key |
Y |
| Intel® Standard Manageability (ISM) |
Y |
| Intel® One-Click Recovery |
Y |
| Intel® Virtualization Technology with Redirect Protection (VT-rp) |
Y |
| Features |
| Execute Disable Bit |
Y |
| Idle States |
Y |
| Thermal Monitoring Technologies |
Y |
| PCI Express slots version |
5.0, 4.0 |
| Scalability |
1S |
| CPU configuration (max) |
1 |
| Embedded options available |
N |
| PCI Express configurations |
1x16+1x4, 2x8+1x4 |
| Supported instruction sets |
SSE4.1, SSE4.2, AVX 2.0 |
| Thermal solution specification |
PCG 2020A |
| Maximum number of PCI Express lanes |
20 |
| Market segment |
Desktop |
| Harmonized System (HS) code |
85423119 |
| Export Control Classification Number (ECCN) |
5A992CN3 |
| Commodity Classification Automated Tracking System (CCATS) |
G167599 |
| Use conditions |
PC/Client/Tablet |
| Technical details |
| Launch date |
Q4'21 |
| Status |
Launched |
| OpenCL version |
2.1 |
| Target market |
Gaming |
| Packaging data |
| Package type |
Retail box |
